Pseudofrenelopsis fossils from Cretaceous gypsum beds in Guixi,Jiangxi Province,China and their geological significance     

Bainian Sun  Jing Dai  Yongdong Wang  Hui Jia  Defei Yan  Zikun Jiang 《Island Arc》2011,20(1):43-56

Compressed fossil plants were found in the gypsum beds of the Zhoujiadian Formation in Guixi City, Jiangxi Province, China. The cuticular features of two species of Pseudofrenelopsis (Cheirolepidiaceae) were examined by scanning electron microscopy in this study: Pseudofrenelopsis papillosa Cao ex Zhou and Pseudofrenelopsis guixiensis Bainian Sun et Dai, sp. nov. A detailed analysis of the internode epidermis, and the adaxial and abaxial leaf cuticles of the two species, was performed, extending our knowledge of the morphological and anatomical characteristics of the extinct Pseudofrenelopsis. A new species, Pseudofrenelopsis guixiensis sp. nov., is proposed based upon comparison of its cuticular features. It differs from previously published species in that it has hairs on the abaxial surfaces of its leaves, sometimes shares subsidiary cells on the surfaces of internodes, lacks a hypodermis, and has no papillae on its epidermal cells. Because the distribution of fossil Pseudofrenelopsis is restricted to the Lower Cretaceous, the Early Cretaceous age of the Zhoujiadian Formation is affirmed. The fossils of Pseudofrenelopsis show obvious xeromorphic characteristics, such as apparent thickening of the cuticles, subsidiary cells with obvious papillae, and anticlinal walls with strong cutinization, and they are found associated with gypsum beds and close to red beds. All of these features indicate an arid climate.  相似文献   

Significance of long chain iso and anteiso monomethyl alkanes in the Lamiaceae (mint family)     

Xianyu HuangPhilip A. Meyers  Weichao WuChenglin Jia  Shucheng Xie 《Organic Geochemistry》2011,42(2):156-165

The potential significance of the contributions of long chain iso and anteiso monomethyl alkanes (LC MMAs) from plants of the Lamiaceae, a family that includes many culinary and aromatic herbs of cultural value, to sediments and soil has been evaluated by analyzing 21 specimens from 16 species of Lamiaceae from different environmental settings in Hubei Province, central China, and comparing the results with those from tobacco plants, which are established to be rich in these compounds. Odd numbered iso-alkanes (i-C₂₅ to i-C₃₆) and even numbered anteiso-alkanes (a-C₂₅ to a-C₃₆) are abundant in the Lamiaceae (1.9-23.2% and 0.9-23.8% of total alkanes, respectively). The proportions of LC MMAs are relatively high and comparable to those in the tobacco plant. However, chain lengths in the Lamiaceae are longer than those in tobacco plants and compound-specific δ¹³C values are more negative than in the tobacco plants, potentially allowing distinction of their different origins. The results imply that Lamiaceae, in addition to some other land plants, can be important sources of LC iso- and anteiso-alkanes in sediments and soils.  相似文献   

Separation of total nitrogen from sediments into organic and inorganic forms for isotopic analysis   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Zhiyang Li  Guodong Jia   《Organic Geochemistry》2011,42(3):296-299

Nitrogen isotopic (δ¹⁵N) analysis is widely applied in palaeoceanography, palaeolimnology and soil science. Most measurements are performed on untreated bulk samples containing both organic and inorganic nitrogen (ON and IN), which could sometimes confound isotopic signals. Here we propose a sample pretreatment method to physically and quantitatively separate the total nitrogen into ON and IN for subsequent concentration and isotopic measurements. In the method, the sediment is first demineralized with HCl and HCl-HF, adsorbed and bound IN being liberated into the acid solutions during the demineralization. Then, organic matter (OM) dissolved in the acid solutions is recovered by a sorbent of styrene divinyl benzene polymer (Bond Elut PPL, Varian) and is then combined with the acid-resistant OM to obtain the total OM. Finally, IN in the acid solutions passing through the PPL sorbent is recovered by way of steam distillation. Total nitrogen recovery with the method is 92.4% and isotopic mass balance calculations show that the δ¹⁵N value of total nitrogen can be quantitatively partitioned into the organic and inorganic forms. The δ¹³C values of the separated OM show a small positive excursion of 0.2‰ relative to those of bulk OM, ruling out significant loss of ON during the pretreatment. By comparison, the KOBr method, widely used to remove ON from bulk samples for isotope measurements, gives lower IN concentration and higher δ¹⁵N_IN values, attributed to the partial loss of IN and escape of some oxidation-resistant ON.  相似文献   

Mechanism of strata deformation under protective seam and its application for relieved methane control     

Wei Yang  Bai-quan Lin  Yong-an Qu  Shuai Zhao  Cheng Zhai  Li-li Jia  Wu-qiang Zhao 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2011,85(3-4):300-306

In this paper, an equation correlated with normal stress and permeability was developed and FLAC^3D software was used to investigate the rock mass stress evolution and distribution to understand the methane flow characteristics. Research results show that the rock mass under the protective coal seam can be divided into three belts (zones) in the vertical direction, including total de-stressed belt, vertical de-stressed belt and original stress belt. Methane in the total de-stressed belt can flow into the working face of protective coal seam by its own pressure gradient. Methane in the vertical de-stressed belt can only be extracted by boreholes. In the horizontal direction, the rock mass was also divided into five zones, including original zone, compression zone, expansion zone, recovering zone and re-compacted zone, which have been proved correct by the field experiments. The rock mass permeability in the de-stressed belts doesn't increase until stepping into the expansion zone, and from then on higher concentration of methane can be extracted. The methane in original regions is difficult to extract because rock stresses stay the same. The division of “three belts and five zones” reveals the rock mass stress and permeability distribution and evolution and supplies theoretical guidance for relieved methane control.  相似文献   

青藏铁路多年冻土区典型土样冻胀率特性研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

程佳  赵相卿  杨晓明 《冰川冻土》2011,33(4):863-866

青藏铁路穿越高原多年冻土区546km,沿线分布着各种地形地貌单元,包括盆地、高山区、高平原、谷地等,各处的地层岩性和冻土赋存环境各不相同．通过对青藏高原多年冻土区典型土样的冻胀率试验,分析了高原多年冻土的冻胀率与含泥量、含水率、干密度之间的规律．结果表明：高原冻土具有较大的冻胀率,其冻胀率随含泥量的增加而增加,随含水率...  相似文献   

G214线苦海滩一黄河沿段多年冻土工程地质特征评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵相卿  李晓军  姚伟  杨永鹏  程佳 《冰川冻土》2011,33(4):902-907

拟建共和-结古高速公路位于青海省境内,全长639．02km,其中,苦海滩至黄河沿段（K336＋000～K470＋000）段长134km,大部分在海拔4000m以上,最高在长石头山垭口,海拔4535m．该段线路位于青藏高原东部,多年冻土发育的边缘地带．通过对线路的勘察资料分析,结果表明：多年冻土分布和海拔有很好的相关性,...  相似文献   

乌尔逊凹陷下白垩统层序地层研究     

秦雁群  邓宏文  侯秀林  郭佳  梁旭  魏海鹏 《沉积学报》2011,29(6):1130-1137

以构造层序地层学分析为主线,从断陷盆地结构和古地貌的区域变化分析着手,利用地质、地球物理数据对乌尔逊凹陷下白垩统主要含油层段铜钵庙组、南屯组、大一段进行了层序地层研究。在识别了5个等时层序界面及区域钻井剖面对比基础之上,建立了该区目的层段层序地层格架。研究结果表明：凹陷沉积充填以及层序形成与构造演化相对应,具有阶段性。...  相似文献   

Geochemical characterization of Archaean amphibolites from the eastern part of Anshan–Benxi iron producing area,northeastern China: implication for tectonic setting of BIFs     

En‐De Wang  Chang‐Ik Han  Jian‐Ming Xia  Jian‐Fei Fu  Guang‐Su Li  San‐Shi Jia  Ye‐Kai Men 《Geological Journal》2016,51(3):480-498

The Anshan–Benxi iron producing area, which is located at the northeastern margin of the North China Craton, is the main distribution area of Archaean BIFs in China. In their eastern part, including the Gongchangling and Waitoushan deposits, BIFs mainly are hosted in the Archaean middle Anshan Group. Amphibolites are widely distributed in the iron‐bearing rock series, reflecting the tectonic setting of BIFs. Amphibolites not only have MORB‐like compositional characteristics, but also have island arc‐like ones, and they are consistent with back‐arc basin basalts (BABB). In the study area, the protolith of amphibolites belongs to Okinawa‐type BABB; it indicates that tectonic setting of BIFs is the intra‐continental back‐arc basin. In the study area, the formation of sedimentary basins for BIFs had been associated with oceanic plate subduction. Amphibolites from Gongchangling deposit are characterized by relative enrichments in LILE and LREE, and depletions in HFSE. This indicates that they had a relatively large influence of subduction in their formation. Amphibolites from Waitoushan deposit are characterized by relative enrichments in LILE without conspicuous depletions in HFSE, indicating relatively low subduction rates. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

山西榆社盆地新近系马会组砾岩层砾组特征及其地质意义   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

钱程  韩建恩  余佳  贺承广  朱大岗  孟宪刚  邵兆刚  王津 《现代地质》2011,25(4):778-788

通过对山西榆社盆地新近系中新统马会组砾岩层的分布特征、剖面特征和砾组特征分析,结合盆地内部和四周山区的岩性特征分析,阐述了砾岩层本身的性质、成因、来源和搬运方式等,探讨砾石沉积时盆地的水动力条件、气候环境、地貌特征和构造条件等。研究表明,马会组砾岩层为榆社盆地新近纪河湖相沉积的底砾岩,其中所含的3层砾岩在成因、来源、搬运和沉积环境上具有较好的一致性。马会组砾岩层为多期次、多来源、非稳定的冲湖积成因,为湖泊水进期的沉积物,指示干冷向温湿转变的气候环境;砾石的主要来源是盆地内部的基底地层及其东缘、北缘和西缘的山区;砾石遭受了较强的物理化学作用,还存在一定的生物作用;含量较少的花岗岩砾石经受了较长距离的搬运,其他岩性砾石经受了近—中距离的搬运。榆社盆地为喜马拉雅运动二幕晋东地区山地相对抬升形成的山间盆地,砾石沉积时已形成了中间低、四周高的盆地雏形。  相似文献   

塔拉哈—齐家地区下白垩统震积岩特征及其油气储集问题   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

钟建华  王德金  李佳  陈熙 《地质找矿论丛》2011,26(3):304-310

文章通过对松辽盆地塔拉哈一齐家地区白垩系沉积地层钻孔岩心的观察和研究,识别出大量具有震积岩特征的变形构造,并发现了多个完整的震积垂向序列.在震积岩的识别过程中,认识到震积岩自身可能就是一种潜在的油气储集体.  相似文献